2027年河南专升本英语作文常用功能句型整理

应用文以书信类最为常见，包括建议信、邀请信、感谢信等，倡议书也出现过。以2025年某次真题为例，要求以校学生会名义写一份“反对餐饮浪费，共建节约型校园”的倡议书，内容需包括当前校园餐饮浪费的现状和反对浪费的具体倡议。

应用文的备考要点：格式规范（称呼、正文、落款）、目的明确（开头说明写信意图）、内容具体（分点展开）、语气得体（根据收信人调整正式程度）。

六大功能句型：写作的“骨架”

以下句型按照你提供的框架，逐类做用法说明和写作示例。

4.1 表原因

常用句型：

A number of factors are accountable for this situation.

The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...

This phenomenon can be attributed to...

The reason (why)... is that...

写作应用示例：

以“如何提升文化素养”为例，第二段分析为什么要重视文化素养：

A number of factors are accountable for this situation. Primarily, cultural literacy represents a person's comprehensive quality, which directly affects learning and work efficiency. Furthermore, the phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that in the era of rapid technological development, cultural literacy helps us distinguish reliable information from misleading content.

使用要点： 这些句型适合放在主体段的首句，作为“引出原因”的信号词，后接具体的原因阐述。注意一个段落中不宜连续使用超过两个原因句型，否则会显得句式重复。

4.2 表比较

常用句型：

The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.

A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...

Compared with B, A has more advantages in...

写作应用示例：

以“线上学习 vs 线下学习”的对比议论为例：

While online learning may be preferable to traditional classroom learning in terms of flexibility, it suffers from the disadvantages that students lack face-to-face interaction and self-discipline. Nevertheless, the advantages of blended learning far outweigh the disadvantages when both approaches are properly combined.

使用要点： 表比较的句型适合在需要辩证分析时使用。注意“A may be preferable to B, but...”这种“先扬后抑”的写法能体现思维的全面性，比单纯说“A is better than B”更容易得高分。使用时确保比较对象明确，避免逻辑混乱。

4.3 表批驳

常用句型：

It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.

There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.

It is true that..., but it doesn't mean that...

写作应用示例：

以“手机对学生的影响”为例，批驳“手机只会分散注意力”的片面观点：

It is true that excessive use of mobile phones may distract students from their studies, but one vital point is being left out — with proper guidance, smartphones can serve as powerful tools for online research and collaborative learning. There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact: the key lies not in the device itself but in how we use it.

使用要点： “先让步后转折”是批驳类句型的基本逻辑。在议论文中，批驳通常出现在第二段或第三段，用来回应对立观点，增强论证的全面性和说服力。注意“It is true that”后面引出的让步内容要简洁，重点放在but之后自己的观点上。

4.4 表后果

常用句型：

It may give rise to a host of problems.

It will exercise a profound influence upon...

It may trigger a chain of negative consequences.

写作应用示例：

以“拖延症的危害”为例：

Procrastination may give rise to a host of problems, ranging from missed deadlines to increased anxiety. More importantly, it will exercise a profound influence upon one's career development, as opportunities are often seized by those who act promptly.

使用要点： 表后果的句型适合放在分析问题的段落中，用来强调某个现象或行为的严重性。注意“profound influence upon”既可以接正面后果也可以接负面后果，使用时通过上下文语境明确褒贬。另外，后果句型后最好跟一个具体例证，避免只讲空话。

4.5 表举例与证明

常用句型：

举例：A good case in point is... / Take... as an example.

证明：No one can deny the fact that... / Recent studies indicate that...

写作应用示例：

以“坚持的重要性”为例：

No one can deny the fact that perseverance is indispensable to success. A good case in point is the story of many famous scientists who failed hundreds of times before achieving their breakthroughs. Recent studies indicate that grit — the power of passion and perseverance — is a better predictor of success than intelligence alone.

使用要点： 举例和证明句型通常配合使用，先提出一个普遍性的论断（证明），再用具体例子加以支撑（举例）。在120词的作文中，举例不必过于详细，一两句话概括即可。注意“A good case in point is...”后面直接接名词或名词短语，而“Take...as an example”则需要接完整的句子结构。

4.6 There be 句型

常用句型：

There is no doubt that...（毫无疑问……）

There is no need to do...（没有必要做……）

There is no point in doing...（做……没有意义）

There is no denying that...（不可否认……）

There is a growing concern over...（……引起了越来越多的关注）

写作应用示例：

以“环境保护”为例：

There is no doubt that environmental protection has become one of the most urgent issues of our time. There is no point in pursuing economic growth at the expense of the environment, for the damage is often irreversible. There is a growing concern over the impact of human activities on the planet, which calls for immediate action from both governments and individuals.

使用要点： There be句型在写作中的核心价值在于“打破I/We主语的惯性”，让表达更加客观、正式。在议论文中，它特别适合用于首段引出话题和尾段总结观点。常见的错误包括：在there be句型中混用have/has（不能说There has a problem），以及主谓一致出错（There is a problem vs. There are problems）。此外，“There is no doubt that”和“There is no denying that”表达的意思相近，但前者语气更肯定，后者更强调“无法否认”，可根据语境选择。

反义疑问句速记口诀及应用

口诀：

反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相反；

短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯；

最后一点应注意，短句主语代词填。

口诀解读：

第一句：反义疑问句的构成是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”，前后谓语的正反性质相反。

第二句：短句中的not必须与do、will、can等助动词组成缩写形式（如don't、won't、can't），不能写完整的not。

第三句：简短问句的主语必须是代词，不能用名词。

在写作中的应用：

反义疑问句在作文中可以用来增强语气、引发读者共鸣，尤其适合议论文的结尾段：

Cultural literacy is essential to personal growth, isn't it? If we fail to cultivate it, how can we expect to thrive in an increasingly complex world?

We all want to lead a meaningful life, don't we? Then we should start by enriching our inner world through reading and reflection.

注意事项： 在正式写作中，反义疑问句的使用频率不宜过高，一篇120词的作文中使用1次即可，主要起“拉近与读者距离”的作用，过度使用会显得口语化，影响文章的正式感。

真题示例与写作示范

2025年真题：How to Improve Our Cultural Literacy

题目分析： 这是一道命题式议论文，要求围绕文化素养的重要性及提升方法展开，字数120词以上。

写作框架：

段落    功能    核心内容

第一段    引出观点    点明文化素养的重要性，以There be句型开头

第二段    阐述理由    分点论述（个人层面→社会层面），用原因/证明句型

第三段    总结升华    重申观点，用反义疑问句收尾

范文示范：

How to Improve Our Cultural Literacy

There is no doubt that cultural literacy plays a vital role in both our personal development and social progress. It is not only important for the elderly but equally essential for young people. A number of factors are accountable for this situation, and the reasons are as follows.

First and foremost, cultural literacy represents a person's comprehensive quality, which profoundly influences our learning efficiency and career prospects. Moreover, in an era of information explosion, cultural literacy enables us to distinguish reliable knowledge from misleading content. A good case in point is the ability to critically evaluate online information — those with stronger cultural literacy are far less likely to fall victim to misinformation. Furthermore, from a broader perspective, cultural literacy serves as the foundation for building a civilized society.

With the rapid development of science and technology, the significance of cultural literacy has become increasingly prominent. The more we recognize its value, the more benefits we will reap in our daily life. Cultural literacy is the key to personal growth, isn't it? Therefore, improving our cultural literacy is an essential path that every one of us should take.