2026年河南专升本英语完型、改错与阅读理解做题技巧

完形填空解题4步原则

第一步：跳读。带着空格通读全文，了解大意。

第二步：选答。遵循先易后难原则，先做有把握的题。

第三步：推敲。结合上下文语境，解决难题。

第四步：复查。通读全文，检查选项是否合理。

短文改错易错点“四要法”

要先浏览全文，知道大意。

要通过找句号把长句子拆分出来。

要分析句子结构，再从“多、缺、错、对”四方面细看。

要通读改后的文章，用语感通查

短文改错“四看法”

看有无一致性问题(主谓一致、单复数一致)。

看有无搭配错误(动宾搭配、介词搭配)。

看词法和语法错误(冠词、非谓语动词误用)。

看每行每句间的逻辑错误

短文改错常见错误(谓语动词)

时态错误、主谓不一致、语态错误、第三人称单数错误。

例：They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to... (第二个want改为wanted)

短文改错常见错误(名词/冠词)

名词单复数错误、冠词多余或缺失、固定搭配错误。

例：We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为 the)

短文改错常见错误(形容词/副词)

形容词副词混用、比较级最高级错误。

例：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully 改为 wonderful)

短文改错常见错误(代词/介词)

代词指代错误、介词搭配错误。

例：One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (showed 后加 it)

阅读猜词法-根据定义/解释

利用be,mean,becalled,referto等判断词猜测。

例：A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. (carpenter: 木匠)

阅读猜词法-根据对比关系

利用but,however,unlike,while等转折词猜测反义词。

例：Though Tom‘s face has been washed quite clean，his neck still remains grubby. (grubby: 肮脏的)

阅读猜词法-根据因果关系

利用because,since,as,so,so...that...等因果逻辑关系猜测。

例：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. (trim: 修剪)

阅读猜词法-根据生活常识

结合自身经验或常识进行推断。

例：Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. (wither: 枯萎)

阅读猜词法-根据同等关系

利用and,or连接的同位语或并列成分猜测。

例：At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. (prime: 盛年)

阅读猜词法-根据列举事例

利用forexample,suchas等后面的例子猜测。

例：You can take any of the periodicals: “The World of English”. “Foreign Language Teaching in Schools”，or “English Learning”. (periodical: 期刊)

阅读猜词法-根据构词法

利用前缀、后缀和词根猜测词义。

例：The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.(unforgettable:un-不,forget忘记,-able可...的→难忘的)

“need”的两种用法

need to do：需要做某事(主动)。

need doing：需要被...(被动含义，=needtobedone)。

介词“of”的用法总结

表示所属：a friend of mine

表示同位：the city of Beijing

表示关于：stories of adventure

表示材料：a house of stone

宾语补足语常见形式

名词/形容词：They made him captain. / The news made us happy.

不定式(省略to)：Let him go.

现在分词/过去分词：I saw him crossing the street. / I need my watch repaired.

状语从句的省略

当状语从句的主语与主句一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词。

例：While (he was) reading, he fell asleep.

独立主格结构作状语

名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/介词短语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随等。

例：The meeting over, we all went home. (会议结束后)

“with的复合结构”

*with+宾语+宾语补足语(adj./adv./介词短语/分词/不定式)，在句中作状语或定语。

*例：He slept with the window open. (他开着窗睡觉。)